in this video i've discussed about the STOPING method i.e. OVERHAND STOPING method with interactive animation in metal mine.
HOPE THIS VIDEO WILL BE HELPFUL TO YOU!!!

credit to our prestigious dignity - Prof. Neeraj Yadav
#MININGMAFIA #STOPINGMETHOD #OVERHANDSTOPING

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OVERHAND STOPING :
the overhand holes used used in exploration of stope then the method is known as overhand stoping.
The two levels enclosing an ore block are
connected by raises at interval, 60-125m and stopping starts from
one direction only. The stopping operation proceeds from lower
main level towards the upper main level and ore is extracted in an
ascending manner. Horizontal slices are taken parallel with the
haulage level. If the ore body has a mild gradient which prevents
gravitation of blasted ore, scrapers are used to collect and load it
into mine cars. In the method of overhand stoping with stull
timbering the preparatory arrangement consists in driving roof
haulage drift and raise from lower level to upper level. If the ore
body is not steep and nearly 3m in thickness. Overhand stopping is
replaced by room and pillar method of stopping. In thick ore body
(nearly 3m and above) stopping dipping the overhand method of
stopping is usually changed to shrinkage method or sub-level
method of stoping.

Condition :
1. The thickness is selected is upto 4.5m.
2. The ore body required strong.
3. Both hangwall and footwall should be strong.
4. The inclination of ore body is 40°-90°.

STOPE Preparation :
1. Preparation are made for ventilation supply of power, supply of
material, addition man power and additional handling of
production.
2. The lower level is prepared for ore transport.

STOPE Development :
1. The ore body is approached from the shaft, inclines or adits.
2. The ore body is further approached by cross-cuts, set regular
interval from shaft and inclines.
3. When cross-cut touch the ore body, the ore body is developed
by driving the levels.
4. These levels are inter connected at regular intervals, by raise
or winzes.
5. The raise and winzes are connecting the upper and lower level.
6. When the development of two adjacent levels is complete the
stopping operation is under taken.

STOPE WORKING:-
- block of ore divided into two halves
- direction of excavation is upward
- make heading from lower level to upper level
- make benches by performing drilling & blasting
- bench height - 1.5 to 2.5m
- bench width - bench height
- bench length - thickness of ore body
- spacing - 1-2m,
- burden - 1-2m
- no. of holes - 2-5

ADVANTAGES:
ADVANTAGE OF GRAVITATION FORCE IS TAKEN IN BLASTING
BLASTING EFFICIENCY IS HIGH
FACE IS ALWAYS CLEAR & CAN BE COMPLETELY DRESSED.
VENTILATION IS GOOD.
EASY TRANSPORTATION OF ORE FROM CHUTE.

DISADVANTAGES:
WORKING IS DIFFICULT AS WE STAND ON LOOSE ROCK
DRILLING IS DIFFICULT
MUCK FALLS ON BODY OF WORKERS.
NOT SUITABLE FOR WEAK ORE BODY
SELECTIVE MINING IS NOT POSSIBLE



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VIDEO:
title video - Video by KML from Pexels
end video - Video by Gam Ol from Pexels



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