#protein #Protein_structure #protein_in_hindi #biochemistry

What food is high in protein?
Classification of protein?
What is amino acids?
Structure of amino acids?
Essential protein?
Non essential protein ?
Globular protein ?
Fibrus protein ?
Albumin protein
Casine Protein
Histone protein
What is gluten protein
What food is high in protein?
What are 7 examples of protein foods?
What do protein do for you?
What are the top 10 protein foods?
What are 7 examples of protein foods?
What do protein do for you?
Which fruit is highest in protein?
How many eggs is enough protein?
What are the 4 types of proteins?
What are the 7 types of protein?
What are the 3 protein types?
What are the 8 types of protein?
What are the main functions of protein?
What are the 6 functions of proteins?
What are the 3 main types functions of proteins?
What are the 3 main types functions of proteins?



Structure of Proteins
Due to different rearrangement of amino acids, the structure of proteins divides into four types:

Primary- the covalent linkages of the proteins

Classification of Proteins
Classification of proteins is done on the basis of the following:

Shape
Constitution
Nature of molecules
On the basis of shape
Fibrous protein(Scleroprotein): We can find these proteins in animals and are insoluble in water. Fibrous proteins are resistant to proteolytic enzymes and are coiled and exist in threadlike structures to form fibres. e.g. collagen, actin, and myosin, keratin in hair, claws, feathers, etc.
Globular proteins: These proteins, unlike fibrous proteins are soluble in water. They are made up of polypeptides that are coiled about themselves to form oval or spherical molecules e.g. albumin, insulin, and hormones like oxytocin, etc.
On the basis of Constitution
Simple proteins: These proteins are made up of amino acids only. e.g. albumins, globulins, prolamins, etc.
Conjugated proteins: These are complex proteins that are combined with the characteristic of non–amino acid substance called as a prosthetic group. These are of following types:–
Nucleoproteins: Combination of protein and nucleic acid
Mucoproteins: Combination of proteins and carbohydrates (4%)
Glycoproteins: Combination of proteins and carbohydrates(%)
Chromoproteins: Combination of proteins and coloured pigments.
Lipoproteins: Combination of proteins and lipids.
Metalloprotein: Combination of proteins and metal ions.
Phosphoprotein: Combination of proteins and phosphate group.
Derived proteins: When proteins are hydrolyzed by acids, alkalies or enzymes, the degradation products obtained from them are called derived proteins.

Derived proteins: When proteins are hydrolyzed by acids, alkalies or enzymes, the degradation products obtained from them are called derived proteins.
On the basis of nature of Molecules
Acidic proteins: They exist as anion and contain acidic amino acids. e.g. blood groups.
Basic proteins: They exist as cations and are rich in basic amino acids e.g. lysine, arginine etc.
Functions of Proteins
Structural functions: Proteins are called as the building blocks of the body. They are an essential component of various structures in the cell and tissues. We also find these proteins in the outer membrane of all cells in the human body. We can also find structural proteins in hair, skin, and muscles. Proteins often act to strengthen these structures. Proteins working together can allow movement within the body, such as contraction of muscles and movement of food through the digestive system etc. They are needed for the growth, development, healing, and repair of tissues.
Protective: Proteins are the main constituent of antibodies that protect our body against antigens and pathogens thus preventing infections.
Hormonal regulation: Hormones are majorly composed of proteins. Hormones play a vital role in regulating muscle mass, sex hormones, and growth and development.
Enzymes: Proteins are called as biological buffers because they, as enzymes, regulate many different biochemical reactions that are occurring in the body.
Solved Example for You
Q: Peptide bond form between two amino acids through

(a) Addition of water (b) Loss of water

(c) Decarboxylation (d) Deamination

Sol. (b) loss of water.

The formation of a peptide bond is a dehydration reaction where a molecule of water is released. Therefore, the correct answer is the option (b).

Primary (first level) – Protein structure is a sequence of amino acids in a chain.
Secondary (secondary level) – Protein structure is formed by folding and twisting of the amino acid chain.
Tertiary (third level) – Protein structure is formed when the twists and folds of the secondary structure fold again to form a larger three dimensional structure.
Quaternary (fourth level) – Protein structure is a protein consisting of more than one folded amino acid chain.