Please check this video for a detailed look at the Top 15 sights in Istanbul:
   • Top 15 incredible things to do in Ist...  

This is the link to the interactive map with all rail lines in Istanbul:
http://u.osmfr.org/m/882464/

Transcript summary of this video (how to get to touristic sights via public transportation)
In this video, I'll show you how to reach all major tourist attractions in Istanbul hassle-free using public transportation. Istanbul's public transportation system is very good, and one of the most enjoyable methods is traveling by ferry. If you watch this video, you won't have to walk uphill or waste time in traffic. I will show very practically how to visit all the top touristic sights.

How to get to main touristic sights on the historical peninsula of Fatih
All these sights can be reached via the T1 tram line. The most important stop is Sultanahmet. From there, it's a short walk to Hagia Sophia, Topkapı Palace, or Blue Mosque. You can also reach Galataport in Karaköy via the T1 tram line. For the Süleymaniye Mosque, I recommend getting off at the Laleli tram station and walking from there. The walk is flat and easy.

How to get to sights in Beyoğlu
In Beyoğlu, you’ll find Taksim Square, Istiklal Street, and the Galata Tower. These sights can be reached via the M2 metro line. The M2 line usually operates until midnight, but on Friday and Saturday nights, it runs 24 hours.

Since Beyoğlu is quite steep, there are two funicular lines connecting the Bosphorus level to both Taksim square and the Galata Tower. There's a funicular between Kabataş station and Taksim. Then, there is a second funicular line which is often overlooked by tourists. The station is just next to the Karaköy tram station. This funicular connects to Galata Tower and avoids the steep walk uphill.

How to get to sights in Ortaköy
The best way to get to Ortaköy is by ferry. Ferries depart from Eminönü roughly every 30 minutes. You can also take a bus, but especially on weekends, buses are usually very full.

How to get to Bebek, Rumeli Hisari and Arnavutköy
There are two options to get there. First, you can take a ferry, which I highly recommend. Ferries depart from Eminönü and stop at both Arnavutköy and Bebek. You can choose where to get off. On average, there are ferries every 60 minutes. This ferry ride is almost like a Bosphorus tour.
Another option is to take the metro. There is a funicular line in Aşiyan connecting the Bosphorus level with the higher level in Hisarüstü. From there, you can access the metro grid and reach Taksim, for example.

How to get to Üsküdar
To reach Üsküdar, there are frequent public ferries from Eminönü, Karaköy, Kabataş, and Beşiktaş. The ride only takes 10-15 minutes, with ferries departing every 20 minutes. The latest ferry back to Eminönü is around 10 pm.

How to get to Kadıköy Moda
The second sight on the Asian side is Kadıköy Moda. Kadıköy Moda can also be reached by ferry from Eminönü, Karaköy, and Beşiktaş. The ride takes about 20 minutes, with the latest ferry back to Eminönü around 8 pm. If you want to stay longer in Kadıköy, you can take the Marmaray metro line. The Söğütlüçeşme station is a 15-minute walk to the Kadıköy ferry port. The Marmaray runs below the Bosphorus and connects to Sirkeci and Yenikapı in Fatih. It operates until 11:30 pm, but on Friday and Saturday nights, it runs until 2 am. The Marmaray also stops in Üsküdar, so the same applies to Üsküdar.

How to get to the airports in Istanbul
Both airports are well connected to the metro grid: Istanbul Airport on the European side and Sabiha Gökçen Airport on the Asian side.

Chapters
00:00 Introduction
00:24 Istanbulkart
00:46 Map of Istanbul
01:11 Getting to sights in Fatih (old town)
02:02 Getting to sights in Beyoğlu
03:23 Getting to Ortaköy
04:08 Getting to Arnavutköy, Bebek, Rumeli Hirası
04:54 Getting to Üsküdar
05:17 Getting to Kadıköy
06:04 Map: Rail network of Istanbul
06:23 Getting to airports (Istanbul airport, Sabiha Gökçen)

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