How to Medically Help Our Sick Patients Maintain Homeostasis
Mauricio Giuliodori Mauricio Giuliodori
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 Published On Apr 7, 2024

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It describes how we can medically help our patients when they are sick and unable to maintain homeostasis. Diseases in both humans and other mammals (such as dogs and horses) impair the maintenance of homeostatically regulated variables within their normal physiological values. That is, they complicate the body's ability to regulate blood pressure, volemia (the volume of extracellular fluid), sodium concentration (natremia, osmolarity), potassium concentration (kalemia), and calcium concentration (calcemia). , the concentration of hydrogen ions (pH), the concentration of glucose (glycemia), the concentration of carbon dioxide (blood pressure of CO2), the concentration of oxygen (blood pressure of O2) and body temperature. Therefore, it is shown what therapeutic measures we have available to help our patients regain homeostasis. To help maintain blood volume, isotonic saline rehydration solutions (with NaCl) and diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can be used. To help maintain blood pressure, vasodilating drugs or vasoconstricting drugs can be administered. To maintain natremia (osmolarity), hypotonic saline solutions (NaCl) or hypertonic saline solutions and analogues of vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) can be used. To help maintain potassium, potassium salts (KCl) or glucose solutions and insulin can be provided. To help regulate blood glucose, glucose solutions (dextrose) or insulin can be given. To help maintain the pH, alkalizing solutions or acidifying solutions can be administered. To help maintain O2, oxygen therapy can be administered. Finally, antipyretic drugs can be given to help maintain body temperature.

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