In the autumn of 1941 the Germans had underestimated Red Army's strength and began an offensive that was supposed to deliver a mortal blow to the Soviet Union. This miscalculation resulted in a situation where German troops found themselves in an unfavourable position. This gave the Red Army an opportunity to trap and destroy the German Army group Centre and decide the outcome of the war.

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Sources:
Владимир Васильевич Бешанов, "Год 1942 — "учебный"".
Светлана Герасимова, "Ржевская бойня".
David M. Glantz, Jonathan M. House, "When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler"
Григорий Федотович Кривошеев, "Россия и СССР в войнах XX века: Потери вооруженных сил"

Order of Battle:
http://www.wwii-photos-maps.com/
http://www.rkka.ru/imaps.htm

Assets:
0:39 - State Emblem of the USSR (1936–1946). Author: Pavlik01
01:37 - "Game of Thrones", episode 1 "Winter Is Coming".
02:21 - Map: "Генеральный Штаб Красной Армии. РСФСР, Калининская область (1938). Калининский фронт к 08:00, 01.02.1942.
https://pamyat-naroda.ru/warunit/39%20А/
04:32 - World's Finest Comics Vol 1 153.