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Every country has a capital city, which is considered to be as important to the country as the heart is to the body. The capital is where all the country's official and political power is centralized, and it's often used to refer to the country itself. Embassies from other countries are also located in the capital.
Generally, a state is considered a country if it has a permanent population, defined borders, a government, and the ability to make agreements with other states. However, there isn't a universal agreement on what qualifies as a country, and a territorial entity that declares itself independent isn't always recognized as such by the rest of the world.