This lesson is going to provide you with an overview of the four WHO priority NCDs and their related risk factors. These include cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, lifestyle-based cancers, and chronic respiratory diseases. At the conclusion of this lecture, you should be able to describe the following elements for your country or region: the burden of disease of the four main NCDs; How risk factors affect the burden of disease; the definition and characteristics of NCDs; global trends in NCDs; definition of risk factors and metabolic risk factors; common risk factors for NCDs; and be able to define and discuss the global burden and health effects of the four leading NCDs, four lifestyle risk factors, and four metabolic risk factors.