AD - Go to https://ground.news/drbecky to stay fully informed with the latest Space and Science news. Save 40% off the Vantage plan through my link for unlimited access this month only. | Turns out there’s not many black holes that have held the title of “the closest black hole to Earth known”, just THREE have officially held the title. In this video we’re going to dive into the science history books to find out how these black holes were found and how close they actually are...

My previous video on record breaking "most distant galaxy known" -    • Every "most distant galaxy known" fro...  
My previous video on how we know there's a supermassive black hole in the centre of every galaxy -    • How do we know there's a black hole i...  
My previous video on Oppenheimer and the maximum mass of a neutron star -    • Oppenheimer: the first to predict BLA...  
My previous video on whether there could be a black hole in our Solar System with "planet 9" -    • What if Planet 9 was a primordial bla...  

Bowyer et al. (1964; 8 new X-ray sources spotted) - https://www.jstor.org/stable/1715673?...
Braes & Miley (1971; radio source for Cygnus X-1) - https://www.nature.com/articles/232246a0
Murdin & Webster (1971; visible star for Cygnus X-1 HD226868) - https://www.nature.com/articles/233110a0
Webster & Murdin (1972; Cygnus X-1 could be a black hole) - https://www.nature.com/articles/235037a0
Bolton (1972; Cygnus X-1 could be a black hole) - https://www.nature.com/articles/235271b0
Shipman (1975; no other explanation fits for Cygnus X-1, it's a black hole) - https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/p...
Miller-Jones (2021; modern estimates for Cygnus X-1 black hole mass) - https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/s...
Hawking (1972; black holes in general relativity theory) - https://link.springer.com/article/10....
Hawking & Penrose (1970; singularities are natural and inevitable) - https://www.jstor.org/stable/2416467?...
Bekenstein (1974; thermodynamics of black holes) - https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract...
Bardeen, Carter & Hawking (1973; thermodynamics of black holes) - https://link.springer.com/article/10....
Hawking (1974; black hole "explosions" Hawking radiation) - https://www.nature.com/articles/248030a0
van den Heuvel & De Loore (1973; Cygnus X-3 could be a black hole) - https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/p...
Kitamoto et al. (1984; 4U 1543-47 could be a black hole) - https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/p...
Elvis et al. (1975; X-ray source A0620-00 detected) - https://www.nature.com/articles/257656a0
McClintock & Remillard (1986; A06020-00 is a black hole) - https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/p...
van Grunsven et al. (2017; modern estimate of A0620-00 mass) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1708.08209
El Baldry et al. (2022; Gaia BH1 discovery) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2209.06833
El Baldry et al. (2023; Gaia BH2 discovery) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.07880
Gaia collaboration (2024; Gaia BH3 discovery) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/2404.10486


00:00 - Introduction
01:33 - AD | Ground News
03:22 - Cygnus X-1, 1972
12:40 - A0620-00 V616 Monocerotis, 186
14:14 - Gaia BH1, 2022
17:53 - Bloopers

Video filmed on a Sony ⍺7 IV

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👩🏽‍💻 I'm Dr. Becky Smethurst, an astrophysicist at the University of Oxford (Christ Church). I love making videos about science with an unnatural level of enthusiasm. I like to focus on how we know things, not just what we know. And especially, the things we still don't know. If you've ever wondered about something in space and couldn't find an answer online - you can ask me! My day job is to do research into how supermassive black holes can affect the galaxies that they live in. In particular, I look at whether the energy output from the disk of material orbiting around a growing supermassive black hole can stop a galaxy from forming stars.


http://drbecky.uk.com
https://rebeccasmethurst.co.uk